Working principle of torque wrench: the secret behind precise tightening- Hangzhou Hao Gong Tools Co., Ltd.

As the core tool for precise tightening of bolts and nuts, the design and working principle of torque wrench are centered around the core demand of precise control of torque. To give full play to the performance advantages of torque wrench and ensure assembly quality and equipment safety, it depends on the technical characteristics of the tool itself. Operators need to follow strict usage specifications, select models scientifically and rationally, and establish a complete calibration and maintenance mechanism.
Before use, operators need to fully understand the specific requirements for torque parameters in the equipment assembly drawings or maintenance manuals. This parameter is determined based on multiple factors such as the mechanical properties, structural design and working conditions of the connector material. In the field of aerospace, connectors made of titanium alloy have extremely high requirements for torque accuracy, and even small errors may affect the structural strength of the aircraft; in the assembly of automobile engines, bolts in different parts have different torque values due to different forces. During operation, ensure that the torque wrench is compatible with the specifications of bolts and nuts to avoid slipping or uneven force due to inconsistent interface sizes, which in turn affects the accuracy of torque transmission. The force application process needs to be kept steady and uniform to avoid instantaneous impact loading, because the instantaneous peak torque generated by the impact may far exceed the set value, causing deformation or even breakage of the connector.
Different types of torque wrenches have significant differences in measurement principles, accuracy levels and functional characteristics. Preset torque wrenches, with their simple and intuitive "click" prompt function, are suitable for scenarios with relatively low accuracy requirements and the need to quickly determine whether the torque meets the standard, such as the tightening of conventional parts of the automobile chassis; digital torque wrenches rely on high-precision sensors and intelligent data processing systems to accurately display torque values in real time, and also have data storage and other functions. They are often used in assembly operations such as aircraft engines and precision instruments that require extremely high torque accuracy and data traceability; dial torque wrenches are simple in structure and cost-effective, and play a role in general equipment maintenance, small machinery manufacturing and other fields. When selecting, in addition to considering whether the torque range covers the operating requirements, it is also necessary to combine the operating environment factors.
During long-term use of torque wrenches, the elastic elements, sensors and other key components inside will fatigue due to frequent force. In addition, due to factors such as changes in environmental temperature and humidity, mechanical vibration, etc., its measurement accuracy will gradually decrease. Regular calibration is essential. Calibration needs to be performed in a professional metrological environment, using a high-precision torque standard as a reference. By comparing the measurement results of the standard and the torque wrench, the deviation is corrected. The calibration cycle should be reasonably set according to the frequency of use and the operating requirements. For frequently used tools, it is recommended to calibrate once every 3-6 months; for torque wrenches used in high-precision operating scenarios, the calibration cycle may be shortened to monthly or even weekly. Daily maintenance is equally important. After each use, the oil, metal debris and other impurities on the surface of the wrench should be cleaned in time to prevent them from entering the interior and affecting the normal operation of the mechanical structure; when storing, the spring of the preset torque wrench needs to be released to a relaxed state to prevent the spring from being plastically deformed due to long-term pressure; for digital torque wrenches, the battery power and display status should be checked regularly to ensure that the data display is normal.